The ephemeral of the falsehood

By Dr. Rosa Hilda Lora M. Advisor at AIU | rosa@aiu.edu

Wittgenstein’s phrase in the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus is wonderful for our times: everyone says what they want, considering themselves the owner of the truth, and that what they say, because they say it, is true. “5.6 The limits of my language mean the limits of my world.” Wittgenstein, 2002, p. 143. We are privileged to poss ess this original in Spanish. This work by Wittgenstein is also published by Oxford University Press , United Kingdom, in August 2023, in English. Who was Wittgenstein? Ludwig Wittgenstein was a philosopher, mathematician, and linguist.

He was a professor at Trinity College, one of the colleges that comprises the University of Cambridge, England, and the most prestigious college. One of his major works, the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, is the result of his correspondence and notes with Bertrand Russell and Keynes. It was published in German and a year later in English. Wittgenstein was of Jewish origin; he was a prisoner of war in Italy during World War I. He became a naturalized English citizen. What’s happening with our current society? We live in a world of politicians and nonpoliticians who say all kinds of things that are incredibly surprising: they claim to know more than Nobel Prize winners, as if science were done at everyone’s discretion. Faced with these truths, we must see how long they last. We live in a world of ephemerals. The ephemeral is that which has a short lifespan. even have ephemeral aspects in commerce: we must produce quickly and generate the next product before the previous one has even arrived. We must make more money; we must look in psychology for what motivates us quickly and apply it to marketing. This is the world of the ephemeral. What is the ephemeral doing nowadays? Let’s see how far the ephemeral reaches. “In this way, viral events or these manifestations are always related to images, videos, or some writing (usually short), which spreads and is replicated by many users in a very short period of time. What is considered viral nowadays can include: information, thoughts, trends, tastes, ideas, beliefs, political positions, protests, and even lies. It’s about capturing attention and promoting the passing of information to others (Downing, Covington, Covington, & Covington, 2009, p. 300)”. Dialnet. The Viral and the Spiral of the Ephemeral. Dialnet – novembre 2022. p. 6. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/ servlet/articulo?codigo=9114799 This is the world we live in; it must be fast because information is dying. The big question is, what happens to the people who live in this way? The answer seems to be that we already have it: a society that seems unsure of where it’s going, and human beings constantly searching for things that bring them nothing, but there they are, in what’s fashionable.

“This is how the element in question captures the attention not only of a single cybernaut or internet user but also spreads and propagates massively by recommendation or by the pure predisposition to share, which awakens sudden emotions without much critical reflection. The media phenomenon can then be referred to or categorized as something ephemeral: fleeting, perishable, brief, transitory, provisional, transitory, and temporary (Arquetipo Grupo Editorial, 2008, p. 132)”. Dialnet. The viral and the spiral of the ephemeral. November 2022. p. 6. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/ servlet/articulo?codigo=9114799 The above is what we’re experiencing: people are rushing to get the latest information, and in many cases, misinformation. We wonder what this rushing and rushing for the latest news about something or someone contributes. What does it contribute to having our minds focused on a global village that, from what we can see, seems to be going everywhere? “Thus, in Bauman’s sense, culture (Europe and every place permeated by its influence) once consisted of elements of refinement for an elite. Nowadays, according to him, this culture no longer satisfies a single elite, but is consumed by people from different social strata, with diverse levels of education, and even without refinement. For Bauman, “the culture of liquid modernity no longer has a ‘populace’ to enlighten and ennoble, but rather clients to seduce” (2013, p. 21). And if this culture was supposed to fulfill some function, such as satisfying needs, nowadays it no longer fully satisfies them because it needs people or subjects, clients, dissatisfied people who are open to “new cravings and needs to be satisfied”. Dialnet. The Viral and the Spiral of the Ephemeral. November 2022. p. 8. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/ articulo?codigo=9114799 What it says Bauman is what’s happening: all this misinformation was thought to be effective for the less educated, but the facts show that it’s needed by the literate, the educated, and the uneducated. Bauman calls liquid modernity what we call ephemeral, that which is easy to transmit to create needs simply for the sake of being up to date on what’s being said; the purpose doesn’t matter: be it for good or bad. I’m up to date on the truth or falsehood of what’s being said.

The situation is: I’m in this world because I know all the ins and outs of whoever it is. “The way Bauman defines and describes consumerism in our contemporary society is exemplified not by the accumulation of products, things, or objects, but rather by their brief enjoyment (2008, p. 29). From this perspective, knowledge is also seen and considered a commodity, a product (pp. 24-25). And since it is part of this liquid modernity, its use is instantaneous, once disposable (p. 29). Education is no longer seen as a process, a constant search, as was previously considered, but rather as a product to be acquired (p. 26). Consequently, if education in the past had lasting value, in Liquid Modernity, everything is perishable”. Dialnet. The Viral and the Spiral of the Ephemeral. November 2022. p. 10. https://dialnet.unirioja. es/servlet/articulo?codigo=9114799 It’s no longer about imagining a world where everything is instant and for sale; education nowadays is threatened by this selling. Students don’t seek to learn; they want it to be fast and to have a document that says they know, even though they know it was all cut and pasted, or that someone else did the work for them. The interesting thing is to know how they’ll be in a company without knowing something; that’s the end of the story. Then they say: they don’t teach anything at that university.

“The main reason is that the media and social networks need to present new products, more attractive, much more emotional, in short, more viral. Because with their level of virality, the more audience there is, the better the ratings, and therefore more sponsors”. Dialnet. The Viral and the Spiral of the Ephemeral. November 2022. p. 12. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/ articulo?codigo=9114799 The issue is: if everyone sells, who buys? “Advertising agencies no longer just plaster the streets of cities, neighborhoods, and towns, but people have advertising at their fingertips: emails, social media, newspaper formats, etc. Added to this is the emergence of influencers: influencers. Many young people and people between the ages of 13 and 40 follow one or more influencers who share their tastes: in clothing, music, accessories, travel plans, restaurants, bars, clubs, shows, etc. (Díaz Mohedo and Vicente Bújez, 2011, pp. 127, 129). Furthermore, online commerce: e-commerce, platforms like Amazon, eBay, among others, make it possible, less complicated, and safer to buy, order, and, in short, consume more”. Dialnet. The Viral and the Spiral of the Ephemeral. November 2022. p. 14. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/ articulo?codigo=9114799 And what matters these days is being wonderful; listen: I’m an influencer and I have so many followers. That’s enough to have a following of people behind me, and just because they see that I look good is everything. The great thing about this situation is that they want to sell anything; they’re favored by creating a nice image of being wealthy, of being ready for anything; they already know they’ll sell “their souls to the devil” if they get money from it.

“For many, reading is tiring, reflecting is tiring, writing is tiring; therefore, we need short, ready-made formats, ready-made thoughts, impactful ideas and opinions, sudden, visuals that are quickly shared and get “likes” to indicate that we are part of the right trend. It’s all part of the society of fatigue (Han, 2012). However, there is something more important at stake: the concept of truth in the transmission and communication of information and the creation of knowledge. We also live in an age of fake news. The speed, ease, and availability of social media and websites make it possible to share news, ideas, and elements that are taken as truth. Let us remember that truth must be the adequacy of reality with understanding: Truth “means coming to know what things are in themselves. Reality constitutes the foundation of truth, when it manifests and declares the being of things” (Ayllón, 1999, p. 32). Consequently, an opinion doesn’t indicate that it is true”. Dialnet. The Viral and the Spiral of the Ephemeral. November 2022. pp. 16- 17. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/ articulo?codigo=9114799 Nowadays, truth doesn’t matter; we know that truth must be found through demonstration and verification of what is said.

Science is carried out with many demonstrations and verifications and must be consistent with what is said in other sciences. We know that there are all kinds of methods to verify what is said, which depends on the type of object we are dealing with. We know that there are ideal sciences and factual sciences, and that each group of them has its own method. Furthermore, what is said in science is shown to the entire scientific community, whether peers or non-peers. Because of the ephemeral world we describe, UNESCO, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, seeks ways to generate an education that understands the truth and avoids wasting students’ time and knowledge. We talk about Artificial Intelligence (AI); yes, it’s excellent, but the truth must be constructed. “From its application in task automation and the creation of recommendation systems to its influence on creative processes and decision-making, AI is shaping a new social landscape in all its facets —economic, environmental, cultural, political, military, scientific, educational, sports, journalism, justice, among others”. UNE SCO - What We Talk About When We Talk About Artificial Intelligence - 2024. Foreword. https://unesd oc. unesc o.org/ark:/48223/pf00003 91087?posInSet=11&queryId=NEXPLORE -3dc 088ba-e64c-40de- 8d5a-9a995fd405c6 UNESCO wants to avoid students cutting and pasting; it wants them to learn, to know how, when, where, and why of the objects they study. It wants them to be able, when they complete their studies, to develop a life that allows them to acquire the goods they need and build their place in society with every guarantee of respect and happiness. The data handled in AI is real and should not be intended to deceive. “Artificial intelligence systems are computer programs and equipment designed by human beings that act in the physical or digital dimension by perceiving their environment to achieve a specific goal (which may be self-imposed but is not arbitrary). They do this through the acquisition and interpretation of data, reasoning about the knowledge and processing of information resulting from that data and deciding on the best actions to take to achieve the established goal”. UNE SCO - What we talk about when we talk about artificial intelligence - 2024, p. 6 https:// unesd oc.unesc o.org/ark:/48223/pf00 00391087?posInSet=11&queryId=NEXPLORE -3dc 088ba-e64c-40de- 8d5a-9a995fd405c6 We are experiencing the defense and use of AI because there are those who take advantage of the ephemeral world to sell anything at any price. It’s not just selling; it’s also buying consciences to prevent people’s democracy. “Most commercial and everyday AI based systems work with different machine learning models; that is, the AI we mostly use today is an AI that feeds on data to learn patterns and offers solutions to a wide variety of problems based on those patterns”. UNE SCO - What We Talk About When We Talk About Artificial Intelligence - 2024, p. 27. https:// unesd oc.unesc o.org/ark:/48223/pf00 00391087?posInSet=11&queryId=NEXPLORE -3dc 088ba-e64c-40de- 8d5a-9a995fd405c6 Many countries and organizations are pushing for laws that guarantee safety, and that’s the truth about the use of AI. “There is a common assumption that AI-based systems, because they are artificial and not human, are neutral. This belief is not only erroneous, but dangerous. No AI system can be neutral, since it is either built from data or from knowledge, both generated by humans —directly or through systems. This lack of neutrality can lead to biased representations of reality and the results of AI systems”. UNE SCO - What we talk about when we talk about artificial intelligence - 2024, p. 28 https://unesd oc.unesc o. org/ark:/48223/pf0000391087?p osInSet=11&queryId=N-EXPLORE - 3dc 088ba-e64c-40de-8d5a- 9a995fd405c6 What we are experiencing is that everyone wants to do everything, but it’s quickly. The question is What is the extra time for? The answer seems to be on all the latest information systems, to stay up to date on what others are saying and not saying. We must also ask ourselves: what’s the point in life of being involved in things that don’t contribute to anything, of being under stress or sleep deprived? That’s why governments and companies want and need regulations that ensure the safety of work performed by AI.

“AI technologies are not neutral and encode the values of the creators and the underlying development and implementation ecosystem. They can be deployed to strengthen accountability in public institutions and their representatives, and can produce many benefits for citizen action, participation, and pluralism, making democracy more inclusive and responsive. However, they can also be used to reinforce autocratic capacities and be leveraged for potentially malicious and manipulative purposes”. UNE SCO - Artificial Intelligence and Democracy - 2024. p. 10 https://unesd oc.unesc o. org/ark:/48223/pf0000389736_ spa?posInSet=19&queryId=NEXPLORE -3dc 088ba-e64c-40de- 8d5a-9a995fd405c6 What does UNESCO say is Democracy? We have many nowadays who call it Democracy to acquire. Power for their own benefit. Securing power to do whatever they want and maintaining their acquisition of money by any means necessary. “When we speak of democracy, we are referring to a way of organizing social coexistence and a mode of governing that has been configured throughout History to allow for the free self-determination of people”. UNE SCO - Artificial Intelligence and Democracy - 2024. p. 10 https://unesd oc.unesc o.org/ ark:/48223/pf0000389736_ spa?posInSet=19&queryId=NEXPLORE -3dc 088ba-e64c-40de- 8d5a-9a995fd405c6 “Let’s look at how AI is used in countries that claim to have democracy because nowadays everything must be questioned to see if it’s true or just a contribution to a fluid society. Consider, for example, that during elections, AI can be effectively used to engage voters at the individual level throughout the entire electoral process. Chatbots and discussion forums on social media platforms, which encourage people to leave their comments at the end, are various ways to gauge public mood. Furthermore, AI can help collect all this data in real time and allow party campaigners to change courses based on public opinion. Furthermore, AI can be used to manipulate voters”. UNE SCO - Artificial Intelligence and Democracy - November 2024. p. 12. https://unesd oc.unesc o. org/ark:/48223/pf0000389736_ spa?posInSet=19&queryId=N-EX - PLORE -3dc 088ba-e64c-40de-8d5a- 9a995fd405c6 We already know what UNESCO says above. “We must ensure that the power of AI is regulated and used for the ‘common good,’ from a humanistic perspective and with specific principles such as diversity, equity, and inclusion, codified in the protection of human rights, democracy, and the rule of law”. UNE SCO – Artificial Intelligence and Democracy – 2024, p. 20 https://unesd oc.unesc o.org/ ark:/48223/pf0000389736_ spa?posInSet=19&queryId=N-EX - PLORE -3dc 088ba-e64c-40de-8d5a- 9a995fd405c6 The question we need to ask ourselves is: where are we going as a society? It seems we’re already close to, or on the verge of, a crisis in this way of life; if not, when will we hit rock bottom to build a present worth living? “Digital communication, despite its ability to connect distant individuals, carries the risk of dehumanizing the human experience. Although technologies such as smartphones facilitate virtual interactions through messages, emojis, or audio, these resources simplify the expressive richness of face-to-face contact with the ‘other’.” Sanabria Gómez, H. Risks ass ociated with the use of WhatsApp: A reflection from Heidegger and Ortega y Gass et. p. 210 Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): July - December https://revistas.uis. edu.co/index.php/revistafilosofiauis/article/ view/16072/13877 DOI : https:// doi.org/10.18273/revfil.v24n2- 2025010 Published 03-29-2025. What is the other in the society in which we live? Can we, as human beings, live without each other? Can we, as beings who are part of a system, live without each other? “This technological mediation reduces interactions to functional exchanges, where emotions are translated into icons like the ‘happy face,’ eroding the depth of empathy and physical presence. Furthermore, the accelerated pace of digital platforms —such as WhatsApp— demands immediate responses, imposing a dynamic that trivializes existential reflection”. Sanabria Gómez, H. Risks Ass ociated with the Use of WhatsApp: A Reflection from Heidegger and Ortega y Gass et, p. 210 Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): July - December https://revistas.uis.edu. co/index.php/revistafilosofiauis/article/ view/16072/13877 DOI : https://doi. org/10.18273/revfil.v24n2-2025010 Published 03-29-2025.

What are we becoming? Is it possible to stay on the path we’re on? “Interactions, although numerous, lack the depth that emerges from physical encounters: the neighbor becomes just another contact, the family a chat group. This dynamic foster digital chatter —superficial discourses that simplify complex issues where the repetition of slogans predominates over critical debates” Sanabria Gómez, H. p. 211. Risks associated with the use of WhatsApp: a reflection from Heidegger and Ortega y Gasset p. 210 Vol. 24 No. 2 (2025): July - December https://revistas.uis.edu.co/ index.php/revistafilosofiauis/article/ view/16072/13877 DOI: https:// doi.org/10.18273/revfil.v24n2- 2025010 Published 03-29-2025. With all that has been described, it seems clear where we are going if we continue the path we are on nowadays. You are a student at Atlantic International University -AIU. Study so that you don’t be part of the world we are living in. Write your work to know: Why? What for? When? Where? What are the benefits? This is the world we must build by leveraging the development of knowledge.

BIBLIOGRAPHY. Dialnet- Lo viral y el espiral de lo efímero- noviembre 2022. https:// dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=9114799 | UNESCO- de qué hablamos cuando hablamos de inteligencia artificial. 2024. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf000 0391087?posInSet=11&queryId=N-EXPLORE-3dc088ba-e64c-40de-8d5a-9a995fd405c6 | UNESCO- Inteligencia artificial y democracia- 2024. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ ark:/48223/pf0000389736_spa?posInSet=19&queryId=N-EXPLORE-3dc088ba-e64c-40de- 8d5a-9a995fd405c6 | Sanabria Gómez, H. Riesgos asociados al uso de WhatsApp: una reflexión desde Heidegger y Ortega y Gasset. Vol. 24 Núm. 2 (2025): julio - diciembre. https://revistas.uis.edu.co/index.php/revistafilosofiauis/article/view/16072/13877 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18273/revfil.v24n2-2025010 Publicado 29-03-2025. | Wittgenstein, L. Tractatus Lógico Philosophicus. Oxford University Press, Reino Unido, 2023.

REIMAGINING AFRICA’S ACCESS TO JUSTICE INCUBATOR: Post-Colonial Identity and the Pursuit of Sovereignty

Abdulaleem Anjolaoluwa Ademola-Osinuga | Bachelors of Business Administration

Abstract Africa’s access to justice dilemma is not merely an inherited burden —it is a powerful opportunity for transformation and rebirth. This paper, authored by Abdulaleem Anjolaoluwa Ademola-Osinuga, a Bachelors Business Administration from Atlantic International University (AIU), advocates for the establishment of Access to Justice Incubators —ecosystems that transcend reform and instead reimagine justice from a deeply rooted African perspective. With profound gratitude, I acknowledge the edification received through the influence of my superintendent, Ms. Chinenye Uwanaka of Firma Advisory (Access to Justice), whose rare insight and dedication have significantly shaped this work and expanded its scope in justice innovation across Africa. Grounded in practical involvement with African Village (Opportunities & Talent) and enriched by collaborative synergy with transformational figures such as Gbemisola Sowunmi (Head of Administration) and Folashikemi Olaniyan (Vice President), this article proposes an interdisciplinary roadmap toward justice sovereignty and the restoration of indigenous African system.

1. Introduction Post-independence Africa still grapples with systems structured for control rather than community. Access to justice frameworks across the continent remain modeled after colonial templates that often undermine the lived realities and heritage of African societies. As a Business Administration Personnel from AIU, my training in critical thinking and global development equipped me with the strategic capacity to engage Africa’s access to justice rebirth not from the sidelines, but from within collaborative innovation. I currently serve as a managing partner at African Village (Opportunities & Talent), an incubator space for entrepreneurial and cultural redesign that can be served as a purpose across Africa. This article proposes that what Africa truly needs is a network of access to justice incubators —mechanisms through which post-colonial justice systems can evolve into people-centric, communityconscious, and culturally aligned frameworks.

2. Colonial Access to Justice as the Foundation of Suppression Colonial access to justice systems were never intended to empower; they were crafted to dominate. These frameworks, written in foreign languages and complex legal jargon, were enforced to replace, not integrate, indigenous norms. The residue of these systems remains present in many African access to justice codes today. For any form of authentic transformation to occur, access to justice incubators must identify and strip away these outdated residues, making room for systems that are contextual, restorative, and inclusive. Colonial laws served as instruments of oppression, denying Africans the right to govern themselves and maintain their traditional systems of dispute resolution. The systems that were put in place by colonial powers sought to dehumanize and alienate indigenous peoples by imposing a foreign framework that had no connection to their culture or values. The challenge of undoing this history remains a daunting one, as many of these colonial systems have remained entrenched, perpetuating inequality and mistrust. For African societies to heal, they must acknowledge the pervasive nature of this inherited legacy and deliberately chart a course for their own justice systems, rooted in their history, values, and lived experiences.

3. Africa’s Ongoing Access to Justice Identity Crisis Most African nations today operate under hybrid access to justice systems: foreign in structure, local in spirit. This contradiction has led to: • Disengaged populations, who see access to justice as distant or irrelevant; • Ineffective justice systems, often plagued with bureaucratic delay and distrust; • Institutional dependency, where systems buckle under the weight of imposed models. What’s needed is a structural shift, not just administrative reform. Access to justice incubators offer that opportunity. The challenge is multifaceted. From the lack of faith in judicial systems to the deep-seated belief that justice is only for the privileged few, access to justice is seen as a distant concept. It remains a privileged space where many cannot engage due to complex procedures, high costs, and systemic discrimination. African incubators, therefore, must be capable of addressing these issues by creating access systems that are not only responsive to the people’s needs but also sustainable in the long term.

4. Indigenous Access to Justice Models as a Compass Africa is rich in access to justice wisdom. From the conflict-resolving circles of the Yoruba elders to the communal consensus models in the Igbo and Bantu systems, indigenous access to justice frameworks thrived before colonial interruptions. These systems were: • Restorative rather than punitive; • Accessible to the common person; • Deeply entwined with community values and ethics. An incubator approach allows us to modernize these frameworks without erasing their essence —making access to justice an ally, not an enforcer. These indigenous models offer critical lessons in how justice can be effectively delivered, not through adversarial mechanisms, but through reconciliation, healing, and restorative practices. By focusing on relationships, communities were able to resolve disputes and heal the wounds caused by injustice without the need for punishment. This approach emphasizes the role of the community in shaping justice outcomes and highlights the importance of shared responsibility. The challenge is to adapt and integrate these indigenous frameworks into modern systems while remaining true to their values. African access to justice incubators have the potential to draw from both traditional wisdom and modern legal practices, ensuring that they are both forward-looking and rooted in African values. This would not only promote a more inclusive system but also help preserve African cultural heritage.

5. Access to Justice Incubation: A Path Toward Institutional Self-Respect African Village (Opportunities & Talent) is one of the platforms where I engage reformative incubation as a dynamic, people-first solution. Alongside exceptional contributors like Gbemisola Sowunmi (Head of Administration) and Folashikemi Olaniyan (Vice President), we prioritize: • Innovation labs, where youth co-develop future-facing policies; • Digital civic tools, that simplify access to justice in native dialects; • Hybrid councils, where traditional and statutory bodies collaborate; • Community justice pilots, incubating new rules tailored to local realities. These efforts are driven by a firm belief: Africa must not outsource its access to justice future. We are committed to cultivating a new generation of leaders who are not only trained in the traditional access to justice frameworks but are also capable of bringing innovative solutions to the table. This includes the use of technology and digital tools that make access to justice easier for everyone, regardless of location or socioeconomic status.

6. Challenges Incubators Must Confront No meaningful incubation can occur without tackling structural barriers: • Policy rigidity: Governments often hesitate to allow access to justice pluralism. • Academic stagnation: Access to justice faculties continue to teach obsolete models. • Technological underutilization: Access to justice tools remain inaccessible to rural populations. • Lack of funding: Incubation requires sustainable financing and cross-sector support. Leadership —visionary and inclusive— is key. This is where educational systems like that of AIU shine, offering learners the room to think across boundaries and innovate within constraints. However, more needs to be done to cultivate access to justice ecosystems that are truly participatory. Educational institutions and access to justice incubators must align to create collaborative partnerships with community leaders, policy experts, and technologists. It’s also critical that they build financial sustainability into their models to ensure that their work remains impactful in the long term.

7. Education: The Lifeblood of Access to Justice Incubation Access to justice incubation begins in the classroom. It is imperative that African academic institutions: • Shift away from purely Eurocentric access to justice teachings; • Encourage critical study of African access to justice systems; • Introduce entrepreneurship in access to justice and policy design; • Create platforms for students to work with elders and civic innovators. Atlantic International University’s (AIU) unique interdisciplinary format gave me the liberty to explore access to justice, culture, and governance from a developmental lens —not as subjects to memorize but as systems to reshape. This is the kind of education our continent’s future access to justice architects deserve. Students must be equipped not only with theoretical knowledge but also with the practical skills needed to build sustainable justice systems for their communities.

8. Building a Continental Incubator Culture Africa must foster a pan-African approach to incubation. We need continental platforms that: • Promote the co-creation of regional access to justice frameworks; • Support multi-country access to justice apprenticeships with traditional courts; • Fund local tech platforms for dispute resolution; • Elevate young policy entrepreneurs who design for their communities. African Village operates with this spirit, serving as a bridge between grassroots wisdom and industrial action. We recognize that Africa’s challenges cannot be solved in isolation, and therefore, our solutions must be holistic, collaborative, and inclusive. By facilitating the exchange of ideas and resources between countries, we can build a unified approach to solving the access to justice challenges across the continent.

9. Recommendations for Policy and Practice To catalyze access to justice incubation, the following measures are essential: 1. Establish national access to justice incubation centers, linked to ministries of access to justice and education. 2. Formally recognize hybrid justice systems, balancing tradition and modernity. 3. Offer state-backed incentives for academic-community access to justice co-creation. 4. Digitize indigenous access to justice systems, preserving them and making them actionable. 5. Train leaders in Anti-Corruption design thinking, not just procedural access to justice. Governments must act to create an environment where these incubators can thrive. This includes the support of local communities and the active engagement of stakeholders across sectors. Additionally, there is a need for legislative changes to formally integrate alternative dispute resolution mechanisms within the broader access to justice system.

10. Conclusion Africa’s access to justice future lies not in mimicry, but in mastery. Mastery of its own wisdom. Mastery of its people’s needs. Mastery of systems that align with its soul. The continent must shift from merely inheriting systems to intentionally incubating them. Access to justice incubators are the strategic engine through which justice, relevance, and sovereignty can be reborn. As a Bachelors of Business Administration from AIU, and through my work at African Village (Opportunities & Talent), I see not just what is broken —but what is possible and can be fixed. Alongside leaders like Gbemisola Sowunmi and Folashikemi Olaniyan, we will continue to nurture this new vision of African sovereignty and spread it to the global community. We will incubate the future of access to justice, from a place of pride, culture, and destiny for all.

REFERENCES. Okafor, O. (2013). The African Union and the Quest for Sovereignty: A Historical and Political Perspective. African Journal of International and Comparative Law, 21(2), 147-171. Access via: https://www.tandfonline.com/ toc/raic20/current | Banda, F. (2014). Reconstructing Justice in Post-Colonial Africa: International Human Rights Law and the Right to Justice. Human Rights Quarterly, 36(1), 1-24.b Access via: https://muse.jhu.edu/journal/27 | Chin, G. (2016). Access to Justice in Africa: Post-Colonial Legal Institutions and Their Evolving Role in the Pursuit of Sovereignty. Journal of African Law, 60(2), 217-235. Access via: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-africanlaw | Mamdani, M. (1996). Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and the Legacy of Late Colonialism. Princeton University Press. Access via: https:// press.princeton.edu/books/paperback/9780691037796/citizen-and-subject

Publications by students: https://www.aiu.edu/student-publications/

Education now

“You guys don’t know what’s going on right now.”

A frustrated teacher recently took to social media [TikTok] with a desperate warning: “You guys don’t know what’s going on in education right now. That’s fine —how could you know unless you were working in it? But I think that you need to know… First of all the kids have no ability to be bored whatsoever. They live on their phones. And they’re just fed a constant stream of dopamine from the minute their eyes wake up in the morning until they go to sleep at night. Because they are in a constant state of dopamine withdrawal at school, they behave like addicts. They’re super emotional. The smallest things set them off. When you are standing in front of them trying to teach, they’re vacant. They have no ability to tune in. ... They’re not there. And they have a level of apathy that I’ve never seen before in my whole career. Punishments don’t work because they don’t care about them. They don’t care about grades. They don’t care about college.” ... The following is a recent comment from a member of The Honest Broker community: “I saw this decline in both reading ability and interest occur firsthand between 2006 and 2021….I had experience teaching undergrads who hadn’t comprehended the material before, but hadn’t faced the challenge of students who could read it but who simply didn’t care. ... Since 2021 I’ve been teaching part-time in prison, and incarcerated students really want to learn. ... I believe that there is hope for the humanities and perhaps for culture ... but it will be found in unusual places.” ... Read full text:

Danza del venado

Romina is the youngest performer of the Deer Dance.

Navojoa, Sonora [Mexico].- At 4 years old, Romina Isaelen Caballero Valenzuela has surprised everyone by performing with great dedication and tenderness the Danza del venado (Deer Dance), one of the most sacred and representative expressions of the Mayo ethnic group. With her traditional attire, ankle bells, and determined gaze, she manages to convey the essence of this dance with a moving sweetness. Although, due to traditions and customs, this traditional dance is only performed by men, the little girl has found in her love for the culture and her childlike innocence the drive to break the mold, said Marlene, the little girl’s mother. Romina is in kindergarten and, although she is just beginning to discover the world, she already knows what she wants to be: “When I grow up, I want to be a venada (doe),” she said with a smile full of excitement, referring to her desire to continue dancing as she has done since she came into contact with this tradition. “I danced it when I was little,” replied the girl, who lives in the Nueva Generación neighborhood, when asked where her passion for performing the Danza del venado came from. With great precision and knowledge, he names each of the pieces of his trousseau, the tenabaris, the rattles, the coyoles and the deer head; objects, she said, that his family, who is his greatest support, obtained for him. Although Romina has not officially performed the dance at any traditional ... Read full text:

Find Open Courses and a world of learning granted by AIU at courses.aiu.edu Help others study and change their lives. Visit MyAIU Pledge.

Odd radio signal

Astronomers find one coming from fracture in Milky Way.

The mystery of a giant “fracture” in our galaxy —the Milky Way— may have been solved after new observations from NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory and radio telescopes. Looking towards the center of the Milky Way, astronomers have previously spotted giant structures that are sometimes referred to as “bones”. “High-mass star formation in the Milky Way, a barred spiral galaxy, mainly occurs in giant molecular clouds (GMCs) or giant molecular filaments (GMFs). A special type of GMFs, which is called the ‘bone’ of the Milky Way, represents the densest structures associated with spiral arms,” a recent paper on the topic explains, adding that 20 such structures have been found in recent years. “The bones bridge Galactic spiral arms and local star formation activities, and present some of the fundamental kinematic properties of GMCs in general. Therefore, it is of great importance to investigate how these structures form and what role they play in star formation.” One such “bone” is known, somewhat dramatically, as the Galactic Center Snake, and it is this 230-lightyears- long filament that captured the attention of authors of a new paper. In short, this particular “bone” is interesting because it is broken, appearing to be “fractured” in two places. ...
Read full text:

Battery storage

New technology is revolutionizing the energy system.

The tricky thing about generating electricity is that for the most part, you pretty much have to use it or lose it. This fundamental fact has governed and constrained the development of the world’s largest machine: the $2 trillion US power grid. Massive generators send electrons along a continent-wide network of conductors, transformers, cables, and wires into millions of homes and businesses, delicately balancing supply and demand so that every light switch ... will turn on 99.95% of the time. Making sure there are always enough generators spooled up to send electricity to every single power outlet in the country requires precise coordination. And while the amount of electricity actually used can swing drastically throughout the day and year, the grid is built to meet the brief periods of peak demand, like the hot summer days when air conditioning use can double average electricity consumption. ... But what if you could just hold onto electricity for a bit and save it for later?... You may not even need a giant, centralized power grid at all. That’s the promise of grid-scale energy storage. And while the US has actually been using a crude form of energy storage called pumped hydroelectric power storage for decades, the country is now experiencing a gargantuan surge in energy storage capacity, this time from a technology that most of us are carrying around in our pockets: lithium-ion batteries. ... Read full text at Wired: Read full text

AIU makes a huge contribution to the world by giving new scient ifics the space for original investigations and research. Visit MyAIU Evolution

XEO POD

Immersive capsule

A compact powerhouse that transforms a single square meter into an infinite playground. It’s more than just a device —it’s a new universe of entertainment. Minimalist design, unlimited entertainment. 15-channel, 20-speaker system, 9.2.4 immersive soun. The immersive sound system perfectly renders every detail: from the thunderous bass and crisp dialogue to the subtle nuances of ambient sounds. The haptic audio analysis system adeptly converts sound waves into tactile pulses, allowing you to not only hear but physically feel the music. ... Read full text

Ombra

Smart solar-powered outdoor living solution

Inspired by traditional pergolas found in ancient China, Rome, and Egypt, this modern take was first showcased about two years ago when SolarYard (a LetRight brand) introduced the Ombra solar pergola at the China Import Export Fair. The Ombra’s appeal lies in its versatility: it’s a store-bought, portable, and mains-independent structure —essentially, an air-conditioned room for gardens, rooftops, poolside areas, or undeveloped land. The Ombra smart pergola is exceptional for its innovative design —it can shed its walls and roof, blending seamlessly with the environment, and serves as a versatile, portable living space that can be placed or moved anywhere. Its patented use of solar cells in the louvers is what sets it apart, combining sustainability with sleek, functional style. This technology has sparked a wave of high-tech competitors at major Chinese trade fairs, driven by strong demand. ...

Read full text

Volonaut Airbike

Jet-powered hoverbike

The ability to split lanes, to drive between lines of cars in traffic, makes a motorcycle about the fastest way to get from one side of a city to the other. But the Volonaut Airbike is even faster [124 mph]. ... Looking like a real-life Speeder Bike from Return of the Jedi, it’s the brainchild of Polish entrepreneur Tomasz Patan, who has a knack for creating crazy airborne personal transportation devices. He’s the guy behind the Jetson One, the quad-rotor eVTOL capable of carrying a human that you might remember from 2022. But while the Jetson One uses propellors like a giant DJI drone, the Volonaut Airbike is smaller and relies on some kind of jet power, though Patan is playing his cards close to his chest about the exact technical spec and propulsion system. ...

Watch video:
Read full text

Get a better knowledge about our rights and the way we can use them on a daily basis to prevent any abuse or limitations of them. Visit MyAIU Human Rights.

Your brain

...can change your gut microbiome in just two hours.

It’s long been known that the gut microbiome affects the brain and mood, but new research shows the reverse is also true —the brain can swiftly change the gut’s microbial community. In a striking experiment with mice, scientists found brain signals could reshape gut bacteria in as little as two hours, deepening our understanding of the two-way communication along the gut-brain axis. Key details of the study. Brain activity can directly influence gut bacteria composition within hours. This finding expands the known role of the gut-brain axis beyond one-way gut-to-brain effects. How the study worked. Researchers at the August Pi i Sunyer Biomedical Research Institute in Spain, led by Marc Claret, used chemogenetics in mice. They activated specific neurons in the hypothalamus —a brain region crucial for regulating metabolism and body functions— using specialized drugs. Within two hours, they observed measurable changes in the mice’s gut microbiome. Why this is important. It shows that brain signals can rapidly alter gut ecosystems, adding a new layer to how we understand brain-body communication. This could explain how stress, emotions, and neurological conditions may reshape gut health. Potential impact on human health. It raises the possibility that targeting brain pathways could help treat gut disorders. It also opens avenues for exploring how mental health interventions might indirectly ... Read full text

Talk therapy is up

...and use of psych meds without therapy is down.

More American adults with mental health needs have been getting talk therapy in recent years, according to a new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry. The study also found that the number of people using only psychiatric medications for treatment declined for the first time in years. “We’re seeing that during this time, this increase represents a period where psychotherapy is assuming a more important role in outpatient mental health care,” says Dr. Mark Olfson, a psychiatrist and epidemiologist at Columbia University. “The number of American adults who receive psychotherapy went up from about 6.5% in 2018, up to 8.5% in 2021,” he says. “So that’s increased from about 16.5 million to nearly 22 million people.” The findings mark a significant change from patterns of previous years, explains Olfson, who is the study’s lead author. Since the late 1990s, use of talk therapy first declined, then plateaued. It was also a time when use of psychiatric medications rose. “What we’d seen going all the way back to the late 1980s when Prozac first came on the scene, and the other antidepressants like the SSRIs followed,” adds Olfson, “medications had assumed a more and more important role in the delivery of outpatient mental health care.” But between 2018 and 2021, he and his team found that among adults receiving outpatient mental health care ... Read full text:

Find support for your own unique art and design projects, or support other creative projects at MyAIU Research

Competition for minerals

...should respect rights and the environment.

Governments around the world are increasingly competing for so-called “critical” minerals. The US, the European Union, and China have all recently negotiated agreements with producer countries seeking the lithium, cobalt, nickel, copper, and other minerals used in renewable energy technologies, the defense industry, and the chips used to power artificial intelligence. Many of the world’s mineral deposits, however, are found in conflict-affected countries and states with endemic corruption and weak government regulation. The mining industry also has a track record of human rights abuses, including links to armed conflicts and environmental harms. On April 28, 2025, HRW and Climate Rights International submitted recommendations to the United Nations special rapporteur on the promotion and protection of human rights in the context of climate change, who is compiling a report on best practices for securing minerals for renewable energy while promoting rights and poverty alleviation. In September 2024, a UN panel stressed both the urgency of phasing out fossil fuels and the need to ensure the energy transition is not used to justify irresponsible practices in the mining and processing of minerals. Our submission drew on work documenting land loss, deforestation, toxic pollution, and other abuses in the mining industry in Guinea, Indonesia, Panama, the United States, and Zambia. ... Read full text:

South Africa

Climate change is both sinking, and lifting it.

Rising seas threatenSouth Africa’s coastlines, battering cities with floods and erosion. Yet in a surprising twist of climate science, the ground beneath parts of the country seems to be rising. Researchers from Germany believe drought and resulting water loss due to global warming may be causing parts of South Africa to lift out of the ocean by two millimeters each year. South Africa’s coastal cities like Cape Town, Durban, and Port Elizabeth experience eroding shorelines, frequent flooding, and the loss of critical infrastructure and natural habitats. The country also experienced a series of extreme weather events in 2017 ... Just as threats of rising seas grow, scientists have observed that parts of South Africa’s coastal regions are gradually lifting. Changes in land elevation have usually been attributed to deep earth processes such as the movement of hot materials beneath the crust. However, a recent study led by Makan Karegar, a geodesist at the University of Bonn, challenges that view. The research points to droughts as the primary driver. “Groundwater adds weight to the land,” Karegar told DW. “A lot of rain and flood put weight on the Earth’s crust, surface and that weight causes [it] to go down.” During drought, as water is lost from the soil and underground reservoirs, the land becomes lighter and can rise up, similar to the way a sponge expands when it dries. ... Read full text:

Live a better life learning how to keep your body, mind and soul balanced. Visit regularly MyAIU Body / MyAIU Mind / MyAIU Spirit and MyAIU Energy.

Indigenous lands

Who has the right to decide what happens there?

In Ecuador, Indigenous communities are fighting for stronger safeguards to protect their sovereignty as more oil drilling looms. A right to say no to unwanted development could revolutionize consultation processes used around the world. Members of the Indigenous Waorani village of Kiwaro looked skyward as a helicopter hovered over the rainforest canopy in the center of Ecuador and landed in a nearby clearing. Out stepped government officials, there to inform the community about an impending auction of oil rights on their land. The Ecuadorian government announced earlier, in November 2011 from the capital city Quito, that it would open up for drilling millions of hectares of Amazon rainforest —including the ancestral territories of Waorani communities like Kiwaro. According to court documents, the officials’ time in the village was brief. There was no detailed explanation of what oil extraction entailed. No discussion about oil operations’ negative impacts. The community’s official leaders, known as pikenani, weren’t present at some meetings. And officials spoke in Spanish, not the community’s Waotetero language. Across the region slated for drilling, dozens of other consultation processes followed similar patterns —if they happened at all. Later analyses showed that the government only spoke with about 7 percent of people affected by the planned operations. ... Read full text:

Ethics violation

The worst Internet-research one I have ever seen.

A secret experiment that turned Redditors into guinea pigs was an ethical disaster —and could undermine other urgent research into how AI influences how humans interact with one another, Tom Bartlett writes. Scientists at the University of Zurich wanted to find out whether AI-generated responses could change people’s views. Over the course of four months, they posted more than 1,000 AI-generated comments in the subreddit r/changemyview, about topics ranging from pit bulls to the housing crisis... “In one sense, the AI comments appear to have been rather effective. When researchers asked the AI to personalize its arguments to a Redditor’s biographical details, including gender, age, and political leanings, a surprising number of minds indeed appear to have been changed,” Bartlett writes. “Those personalized AI arguments received, on average, far higher scores in the subreddit’s point system than nearly all human commenters, according to preliminary findings that the researchers shared with Reddit moderators and later made private.” But, “the researchers had a tougher time convincing Redditors that their covert study was justified,” Bartlett writes. After they had finished the experiment, they contacted the subreddit’s moderators, revealed their identity, and requested “to announce to members that for months, they had been unwitting subjects in a scientific experiment.” The reaction was swift. ...
Read full text:

Live a better life learning how to keep your body, mind and soul balanced. Visit regularly MyAIU Body / MyAIU Mind / MyAIU Spirit and MyAIU Energy.

Birds

All of them roost in a single tree.

In the Northern Hemisphere, birds of many a feather are currently streaming northward, from tropical wintering grounds to summer feeding and breeding areas. These avian migrators may be blissfully unaware of the minutiae of scientific publication, but ornithologists are atwitter with a new paper detailing the evolutionary relationships between every known bird species. The authors of the new study in the Proceedings of the National Academies of Sciences constructed an evolutionary tree for all birds using data on more than 9,200 species previously published in hundreds of studies between 1990 and 2024. They merged this information with curated data on an additional 1,000 species to build an open database that reveals how every known species of bird is related through evolutionary time —and that researchers can share and update with new findings. The big bird database effort, led by University of California, Merced, biologist Emily Jane McTavish, is part of a broader project, called the Open Tree of Life, which seeks to create a tree that contains all of Earth’s known organisms. Presently, the Open Tree of Life contains data on more than 2.5 million species, with new information added constantly. According to McTavish and her coauthors, researchers at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology, the University of Kansas, and elsewhere, the comprehensive tree of birds represents not only a snapshot of bird evolution ...
Read full text:

Detroit

Pilot city for the Giant Sequoia Filter Forest.

Arborists are turning vacant land on Detroit’s eastside into a small urban forest, not of elms, oaks and red maples indigenous to the city but giant sequoias, the world’s largest trees that can live for thousands of years. The project on four lots will not only replace long-standing blight with majestic trees, but could also improve air quality and help preserve the trees that are native to California’s Sierra Nevada, where they are threatened by everhotter wildfires. Detroit is the pilot city for the Giant Sequoia Filter Forest. The nonprofit Archangel Ancient Tree Archive is donating dozens of sequoia saplings that will be [were] planted by staff and volunteers from Arboretum Detroit, another nonprofit, to mark Earth Day on April 22. Co-founder David Milarch says Archangel also plans to plant sequoias in Los Angeles, Oakland, California, and London. The massive conifers can grow to more than 300 feet (91.44m) tall with a more than 30-foot (9.14 m) circumference at the base. They can live for more than 3,000 years. “Here’s a tree that is bigger than your house when it’s mature, taller than your buildings, and lives longer than you can comprehend,” said Andrew “Birch” Kemp, Arboretum Detroit’s executive director. The sequoias will eventually provide a full canopy that protects everything beneath, he said. “It may be sad to call these .5- and 1-acre (.2 – .4 ha) treescapes forests,” Kemp said. ...
Read full text:

Live a better life learning how to keep your body, mind and soul balanced. Visit regularly MyAIU Body / MyAIU Mind / MyAIU Spirit and MyAIU Energy.

Welcome to the microbial revolution

Words by Willow Defebaugh Photographs by Arianna Lago Styling by Grace O’neill Dougherty

You are human. As a human, your body contains around 37 trillion human cells. It also contains around 39 trillion microbes in what’s known as the microbiome: a collection of bacteria, viruses, and fungi that live inside and on your body and influence your health and behavior. You aren’t just a human, you’re a biome —a collection of them, actually. Worlds within worlds. Ara Katz and Raja Dhir are explorers on the frontier of these worlds. Having cofounded Seed Health, a microbiome science company, they’ve dedicated their lives to studying the role of the microbiome in human and environmental health. They’ve developed a host of biotics designed to transform human health from within, targeting myriad areas like digestive, immune, vaginal, cardiovascular, respiratory, nutritional, and skin health, and biological functions like sleep and energy regulation.

Katz and Dhir use the platform they’ve created to draw links between human and planetary health, too. Through their environmental research initiative SeedLabs, they are exploring the role that microbes can play in restoring and protecting ecological health —such as boosting honey bee resilience, breaking down plastics, and carbon capture— illuminating how even the smallest actors can impact large-scale change. “We have these ecologies and microbiomes all over our bodies, and many of them are quite distinct,” Katz told me. “Seeing yourself as more than just your human self is a beautiful analogy for the way we want to see ourselves as part of a much greater ecology.” WILLOW DEFEBAUGH Many of us live in cultures that are so individualistic. But understanding that we are individuals that are also made up of so many different microbial organisms and beings changes how we think about society and community. How can this shift our approach to understanding human health? ARA KATZ The microbiome is fascinating because it represents an entire half of ourselves that we didn’t fully understand until recently. While we knew microbes existed, we lacked the technology to characterize their role in biological functions, systemic health, and even our organ systems. And until we had that understanding, we couldn’t truly care for this inner ecology. What’s really beautiful is that this recognition now allows us to nurture it in ways we never could before, creating a new way of thinking about health. And even now, we’ve likely only scratched the surface of what’s possible. It’s an opportunity to see our bodies as ecosystems, deeply connected to a greater whole.

WILLOW And the human microbiome is made up of 39 trillion different microbes. ARA That’s roughly oneto- one with the amount of human cells that you have in your body, which is really extraordinary. Of course, it’s not just the gut microbiome. We have these ecologies and microbiomes all over our bodies, and many of them are quite distinct. And so the idea of seeing yourself as more than just your human self is also a really beautiful analogy for the way we want to see the ecology of ourselves as part of a much greater ecology. WILLOW What we’re really getting at here is that everything is connected. You start looking at the microbiome, you start understanding our relationship to our environment. Something that’s often emphasized in your work is this link between human and planetary health. What led you to tackling both at once as opposed to treating one or the other in isolation? ARA I think our anthropocentric view has siloed the aspects and impacts of climate change environmentally, and I don’t think we’ve fully understood not just the loss of diversity in our microbiome, but the systemic, persistent exposure to the [degraded] environment that we’ve created through human activity. One of our scientists who coined and developed the epithelial barrier theory talks a lot about the fact that there’s now about 250,000 compounds that human biology had never been exposed to before 1950. And you can track that to the rise of so many noncommunicable diseases and chronic health issues we are facing today. What we see happening in the environment is happening inside of us. And I think that when you start to look at the impacts of these compounds and how we’ve created these built environments —we’ve created a world that’s fundamentally not built for our biology. When you ask us, “Why did you decide to do both [human and planetary health]?” I think for us, you couldn’t look at one without the other. One Health is the term that the WHO uses, which is meant to articulate that health is actually the health of all organisms.

RAJA DHIR Most of our environmental work is trying to correct for human-induced environmental damage. If you look at what’s causing the honey bee collapse, it’s neonicotinoid pesticides predominantly, which are what we use on our crops. If you look at what’s causing coral die-off, it’s human-driven changes to coastal ecosystems —shifts in water quality, habitat destruction, and littoral degradation. You can’t distance yourself from the impact that your species has on creating the problem. WILLOW You’ve compared overreliance on over-thecounter medication to treat health symptoms to only relying on carbon offsets to treat climate change. Can you share more about that? ARA We tend to be shortterm thinkers, and quick fixes are often a byproduct of that —of non-systemic, shortsighted approaches to health.

We don’t always have the answers, and we certainly don’t have all of them now. But the ability to understand what we couldn’t before empowers us to make choices that support our internal ecology, rather than just treating symptoms. WILLOW At Atmos, we treat the climate crisis as a symptom of a relationship with the natural world, of seeing ourselves in isolation. Speaking of, I’d love to talk a little bit about SeedLabs. I’m wondering if you can share some of how your work is connected to broader ecological restoration efforts. RAJA SeedLabs really was founded as the vehicle to interface with ecosystems more broadly. We started with the thesis around species protection, soil health, air quality, mitigating the impact of human damage to the environment, but all through the lens of microbes —what microbes can do, how those microbial ecologies work, and how bringing these advancements in microbiome science and technologies can actually extend to the environment. Our first project at SeedLabs was focused on honey bees. Our first chief scientific officer was an expert in a type of bacteria called Lactobacillus. Honey bees have a very specific type of microbiome, because they have a much smaller gut. So in their hindgut, they discovered an organism called Lactobacillus kunkeei, and they found that this organism does something called detoxification of xenobiotics. Xenobiotics are foreign compounds that enter the body. The most common pesticides are neonicotinoid pesticides, and they’re highly addictive. So much so that when you give honey bees the option to drink water with glucose or fructose, or water that’s laced with neonicotinoid pesticides, by choice, they’ll go back to the water with pesticides. That has a disorienting effect on the brain. The honey bees get disoriented and can’t find their way back to the hive. And so this research showed that actually these Lactobacillus organisms bind to and expel these pesticides before letting them enter into the bees’ circulation.

The second finding was about young honey bees. In the first few days of life, they can suffer from a very severe infection of the hive. It’s called the foulbrood disease. This is something that’s so destructive that if it’s found, honey cultivators are advised to torch the entire hive out of fear that it might spread. But what we found was that when given a probiotic, the resistance of the young bees to this pathogen was tremendous. This two-part mechanism, all through a native organism found in the honey bee, was tremendously exciting. We’ve done about four randomized controlled field trials since we started this, across three different continents, and published all of our results. Our second project in SeedLabs is looking at coral ecologies. Coral, the animal, requires its microbiome or its accessory organisms to basically produce food. This project started with a very interesting and provocative finding, which is that there was a specific type of Hawaiian coral, which despite rapid changes in the pH and water temperature around it, was able to keep its microbiome intact while all the other coral around it bleached. Our collaborators started to look at and interrogate these organisms, adding research groups from many different marine environments, from Brazil to Australia to Saudi Arabia. And they found that to be able to give this as a probiotic back to these organisms in tank-controlled trials, you can increase their resistance to changes in pH and also to temperature by over two degrees Celsius. That presented a tremendous immune benefit.

Plastics are something else that we are particularly passionate about. I believe in the next three years, we’re going to produce more single-use plastics than the entirety of plastics produced in history up to this day. These plastics are very difficult to break down. And in fact, when they get to the level of the nanoplastic, they’re virtually impossible to detect. So microplastics break down, nanoplastics accumulate, and across the spectrum of life, these particles exist in heavily disruptive sizes. 0.1% of the human brain by dry weight now is estimated to be plastic. Microplastics were found in 103 out of 103 semen samples amongst males in China. I mean, they’ve now been found in glaciers that actually existed before modern human civilizations. And so we can’t really hide from it. What do we do about it? Microbes may be one solution to break that down. Some organisms have the ability to metabolize polymers that are very similar to the types of plastics. And so we’ve also been investigating that within SeedLabs.

WILLOW The flip side of understanding that all of our problems are connected is that solutions are connected as well. So much of the work that you were sharing that SeedLabs is doing really illustrates that. How can transformation at a small scale, even a microscale, lead to larger-scale transformation? RAJA We’ve never overemphasized what one person could do with their limited agency. But I think the sum of the parts starts to resemble something that looks like a movement. It may have to get a little bit worse before it gets better. But I think that the counterweight of our parents’ generation destroying the environment and thinking from a human-first lens is starting to culminate into something that’s actually quite the opposite. It’s quite inspiring. WILLOW Perspective is infectious.

ARA I always think about Frank Luntz during —I believe it was the second Bush administration. The reason we use the term “climate change” came out of focus groups where they were looking for a more palatable term than “global warming.” And it was recommended by Frank Luntz, a wordsmith who helped create the lexicon for many administrations and corporations, crafting language to soften how issues were perceived. For many, many years, I would say he used his superpower —understanding how words shape people’s actions— for harm. A few years ago I was at TED, and he gave a talk about how he wants to use his superpowers now —and he actually realizes the impact of the work that he was tasked with. Two words, right? Moving from “global warming” to “climate change” has shaped action, has shaped policy, and I would argue, has deeply impacted our world. That was obviously done to make global warming more palatable to the public and minimize fear. But I feel very confident today, particularly with the democratization of voices and that everybody has access to speak out, about the change that can be shaped really quite quickly. People talk about the negative aspects of algorithms, and there are many. But the beautiful thing is when you hijack these tools for the perspective that will serve us in the longer term, it’s an opportunity to shape the language, which I believe also shapes action. WILLOW And you really give people a new language for talking about human health, since storytelling is such an important part of what you do as well. ARA When you change language, you change action.

Read full text by Willow Defebaugh at Atmos:

Help others study and change their lives. Visit MyAIU Pledge. Learn how to have a better financial control. Visit MyAIU Money.

Vive car handle.

Providing stabilizing assistance, it allows you to exit your car, truck or SUV independently. This support handle is for the elderly, and those with limited mobility. Designed to slide into the vehicle’s ushape door latch. equipped with a cushioned, nonslip overlay to provide a secure grip. www.amazon.com

31216 Keith Haring’s dancing figures.

Keith Haring’s simple yet iconic aesthetic translates so well into the LEGO Medium, and the contrast between the bright colours, dancing figure shapes and dark outlines just work so well here. www.lego.com

Kaba.

Raffia vegan tote bag, black & cream. Crafted from natural raffia, it features multiple internal pockets to keep your phone, keys, wallet, makeup and iPad organised, and a zip pocket for your valuables. Each bag comes with its own unique code that connects you to the artisan who handcrafted it for you. immaculatevegan.com

Han Kang. (1970–)

“The feeling that she had never really lived in this world caught her by surprise. It was a fact. She had never lived. Even as a child, as far back as she could remember, she had done nothing but endure.” —The Vegetarian. Novel by Han Kang.

Han Kang. (1970–) South Korean writer. From 2007 to 2018, she taught creative writing at the Seoul Institute of the Arts. Han rose to international prominence for her novel The Vegetarian. In 2024, she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, a first for an Asian woman and for a Korean.

Yoshitomo Nara little wanderer snow globe.

A character based on his 1999 sculptures Little Pilgrims has found a home in this snow globe made from glass with a simple, round rubberwood base. store.moma.org

Say what?

“Unless your name is Google, stop acting like you know everything.” Source: 100 Funny sayings that are definitely worth memorizing. www.rd.com

BACHELOR’S DEGREE in Mechanical Engineering

SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Atlantic International University offers a Bachelor’s in Mechanical Engineering program that stands out for its innovative approach to online learning, providing students with a comprehensive and flexible educational experience. It allows students worldwide to access quality education in Mechanical Engineering without geographical limitations. It accommodates individuals who may have constraints in attending traditional on-campus programs due to work, family, or other commitments. AIU fosters an interactive learning environment through virtual classrooms, discussion boards, and collaborative projects. This facilitates peer-to-peer learning, networking opportunities, and the exchange of ideas and concepts. The Bachelor’s in Mechanical Engineering program at AIU allows students to customize their curriculum towards specific areas of interest within the field. This flexibility lets learners focus on topics aligned with their career aspirations or industry demands. The emphasis on practical application through projects and thesis helps bridge the gap between academia and industry. AIU provides student support through academic advising, tutoring, and technical assistance in this journey. The university is committed to staying abreast of technological advancements and evolving industry trends, integrating new tools and methodologies such as ChatGPT, Dall-E, and Midjoruney into the curriculum to ensure graduates are well-equipped for the ever-changing landscape of Mechanical Engineering.

Important:

Below is an example of the topics or areas you may develop and work on during your studies. By no means is it a complete or required list as AIU programs do not follow a standardized curriculum. It is meant solely as a reference point and example. Want to learn more about the curriculum design at AIU? Go ahead and visit our website, especially the Course and Curriculum section: https://www.aiu.edu/ academic-freedom-and-open-curriculum/

Orientation Courses:

Communication & Investigation (Comprehensive Resume)
Organization Theory (Portfolio)
Experiential Learning (Autobiography)
Academic Evaluation (Questionnaire)
Fundament of Knowledge (Integration Chart)
Fundamental Principles I (Philosophy of Education)
Professional Evaluation (Self Evaluation Matrix)
Development of Graduate Study (Guarantee of an Academic Degree)

Core Courses and Topics

The Bachelor’s in Mechanical Engineering program at AIU encompasses diverse
courses —such as Safety Engineering,
Internal Combustion Engines, Automotive
Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning,
Design of Machine Elements,
Computer Aided Engineering, Heat
Transfer, among others—, delving deep
into various facets of this dynamic field.
The program culminates with Engineering
Projects, where students apply their accumulated knowledge and skills to tackle real-world challenges,
integrating theory with practical applications.
Throughout the curriculum,
AIU offers a comprehensive educational experience, preparing graduates with the expertise needed to excel in diverse sectors of the mechanical engineering industry.

Research Project

Bachelor Thesis Project
MBM300 Thesis Proposal
MBM302 Bachelor Thesis (5,000 words)

Publication

Each graduate is encouraged to publish their research papers either online in the public domain or through professional journals and periodicals worldwide.

Contact us to get started

Submit your Online Application, paste your resume and any additional comments/ questions in the area provided.

aiu.edu/apply-online.html

Pioneer Plaza /
900 Fort Street Mall 905
Honolulu, HI 96813
800-993-0066 (Toll Free in US)
808-924-9567 (Internationally)

Accreditation

Atlantic International University offers distance learning degree programs for adult learners at bachelors, masters, and doctoral level. With self paced program taken online, AIU lifts the obstacles that keep professional adults from completing their educational goals. Programs are available throughout a wide range of majors and areas of study. All of this with a philosophically holistic approach towards education fitting within the balance of your life and acknowledging the key role each individual can play in their community, country, and the world.

Atlantic International University is accredited by the Accreditation Service for International Schools, Colleges and Universities (ASIC). ASIC Accreditation is an internationally renowned quality standard for colleges and universities. Visit ASIC’s Directory of Accredited Colleges and Universities. ASIC is a member of CHEA International Quality Group (CIQG) in the USA, an approved accreditation body by the Ministerial Department of the Home Office in the UK, and is listed in the International Directory of the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA). The University is based in the United States and was established by corporate charter in 1998.

Our founding principles are based on the United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights; per article 26, AIU believes that Higher Education is a Human Right. The University has implemented a paradigm shifting educational model for its academic programs that have allowed it to move closer to this goal through the self-empowerment of its students, decentralization of the learning process, personalized open curriculum design, a sustainable learning model, developing 11 core elements of the Human Condition within MYAIU, and utilizing the quasi-infinite knowledge through the use of information technology combined with our own capacity to find solutions to all types of global issues, dynamic problems, and those of individuals and multidisciplinary teams. Due to these differentiations and the university’s mission, only a reputable accrediting agency with the vision and plasticity to integrate and adapt its processes around AIU’s proven and successful innovative programs could be selected. Unfortunately, the vast majority of accrediting agencies adhere to and follow obsolete processes and requirements that have outlived their usefulness and are in direct conflict with the university’s mission of offering a unique, dynamic, affordable, quality higher education to the nontraditional student (one who must work, study what he really needs for professional advancement, attend family issues, etc.). We believe that adopting outdated requirements and processes would impose increased financial burdens on students while severely limiting their opportunities to earn their degree and advance in all aspects. Thus, in selecting the ASIC as its accrediting agency, AIU ensured that its unique programs would not be transformed into a copy or clone of those offered by the 10,000+ colleges and universities around the world. Since ASIC is an international accrediting agency based outside the United States, we are required by statute HRS446E to place the following disclaimer: ATLANTIC INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY IS NOT ACCREDITED BY AN ACCREDITING AGENCY RECOGNIZED BY THE UNITED STATES SECRETARY OF EDUCATION. Note: In the United States and abroad, many licensing authorities require accredited degrees as the basis for eligibility for licensing.

In some cases, accredited colleges may not accept for transfer courses and degrees completed at unaccredited colleges, and some employers may require an accredited degree as a basis for eligibility for employment. Potential students should consider how the above may affect their interests, AIU respects the unique rules and regulations of each country and does not seek to influence the respective authorities. In the event that a prospective student wishes to carry out any government review or process in regards to his university degree, we recommend that the requirements of such are explored in detail with the relevant authorities by the prospective student as the university does not intervene in such processes. AIU students can be found in over 180 countries, they actively participate and volunteer in their communities as part of their academic program and have allocated thousands of service hours to diverse causes and initiatives. AIU programs follow the standards commonly used by colleges and universities in the United States with regards to the following: academic program structure, degree issued, transcript, and other graduation documents. AIU graduation documents can include an apostille and authentication from the US Department of State to facilitate their use internationally.

The AIU Difference

It is acknowledged that the act of learning is endogenous, (from within), rather than exogenous.

This fact is the underlying rationale for “Distance Learning”, in all of the programs offered by AIU. The combination of the underlying principles of student “self instruction”, (with guidance), collaborative development of curriculum unique to each student, and flexibility of time and place of study, provides the ideal learning environment to satisfy individual needs.

AIU is an institution of experiential learning and nontraditional education at a distance. There are no classrooms and attendance is not required.

Mission & Vision

MISSION:

To be a higher learning institution concerned about generating cultural development alternatives likely to be sustained in order to lead to a more efficient administration of the world village and its environment; exerting human and community rights through diversity with the ultimate goal of the satisfaction and evolution of the world.

VISION:

The empowerment of the individual towards the convergence of the world through a sustainable educational design based on andragogy and omniology.

Organizational Structure

Dr. Franklin Valcin Presi den t/Academic Dean	Dr. José Mercado Chief Executive Officer Chairman of the Board of Trustees	Ricardo González, PhD Provost

Dr. Ricardo Gonzalez Chief Operation Officer and MKT Director	Linda Collazo Logistics Coordinator	AIU Tutors Coordinators: Deborah Rodriguez Amiakhor Ejaeta Amanda Gutierrez William Mora Miriam James Admissions Coordinators: Amalia Aldrett Sandra Garcia Junko Shimizu Veronica Amuz Alba Ochoa Jenis Garcia Judith Brown Chris Soto René Cordón Dr. Anderas Rissler Academic Coordinators: Dr. Adesida Oluwafemi Dr. Emmanuel Gbagu Dr. Lucia Gorea Dr. Edgar Colon Dr. Mario Rios Freddy Frejus Dr. Nilani Ljunggren De Silva Dr. Scott Wilson Dr. Mohammad Shaidul Islam

Dr. Miriam Garibaldi Vice provost for Research	Carolina Valdes Human Resource Coordinator

Dr. Ofelia Miller Director of AIU	Carlos Aponte Teleco mmunications Coordinator

Clara Margalef Director of Special Projects of AIU	David Jung Corporate/Legal Counsel

Juan Pablo Moreno Director of Operations	Bruce Kim Advisor/Consultant

Paula Viera Director of Intelligence Systems	Thomas Kim Corporate/ Accounting Counsel

Felipe Gomez Design Director / IT Supervisor	Maricela Esparza Administrative Coordinator

Kevin Moll Web Designer	Chris Benjamin IT and Hosting Support

Daritza Ysla IT Coordinator	Maria Pastrana Accounting Coordinator

Daritza Ysla IT Coordinator	Roberto Aldrett Communications Coordinator

Nadeem Awan Chief Programming Officer	Giovanni Castillo IT Support

Dr. Edward Lambert Academic Director	Antonella Fonseca Quality Control & Data Analysis

Dr. Ariadna Romero Advisor Coordinator	Adrián Varela Graphic Design

Jhanzaib Awan Senior Programmer	Vanesa D’Angelo Content Writer

Leonardo Salas Human Resource Manager	Jaime Rotlewicz Dean of Admissions

Benjamin Joseph IT and Technology Support	Michael Phillips Registrar’s Office

Rosie Perez Finance Coordinator

FACULTY AND STAFF PAGE: www.aiu.edu/FacultyStaff.html

School of Business and Economics

The School of Business and Economics allows aspiring and practicing professionals, managers, and entrepreneurs in the private and public sectors to complete a self paced distance learning degree program of the highest academic standard. The ultimate goal is to empower learners and help them take advantage of the enormous array of resources from the world environment in order to eliminate the current continuum of poverty and limitations. Degree programs are designed for those students whose professional experience has been in business, marketing, administration, economics, finance and management.

Areas of Study:

Accounting, Advertising, Banking, Business Administration, Communications, Ecommerce, Finance, Foreign Affairs, Home Economics, Human Resources, International Business, International Finance, Investing, Globalization, Marketing, Management, Macroeconomics, Microeconomics, Public Administrations, Sustainable Development, Public Relations, Telecommunications, Tourism, Trade.

School of Social and Human Studies

The School of Social and Human Studies is focused on to the development of studies which instill a core commitment to building a society based on social and economic justice and enhancing opportunities for human well being. The founding principles lie on the basic right of education as outlined in the Declaration of Human Rights. We instill in our students a sense of confidence and self reliance in their ability to access the vast opportunities available through information channels, the world wide web, private, public, nonprofit, and nongovernmental organizations in an ever expanding global community. Degree programs are aimed towards those whose professional life has been related to social and human behavior, with the arts, or with cultural studies.

Areas of Study:

Psychology, International Affairs, Sociology, Political Sciences, Architecture, Legal Studies, Public Administration, Literature and languages, Art History, Ministry, African Studies, Middle Eastern Studies, Asian Studies, European Studies, Islamic Studies, Religious Studies.

School of Science and Engineering

The School of Science and Engineering seeks to provide dynamic, integrated, and challenging degree programs designed for those whose experience is in industrial research, scientific production, engineering and the general sciences. Our system for research and education will keep us apace with the twenty-first century reach scientific advance in an environmentally and ecologically responsible manner to allow for the sustainability of the human population. We will foster among our students a demand for ethical behavior, an appreciation for diversity, an understanding of scientific investigation, knowledge of design innovation, a critical appreciation for the importance of technology and technological change for the advancement of humanity.

Areas of Study:

Mechanical Engineering, Industrial Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Mathematics, Communications, Petroleum Science, Information Technology, Telecommunications, Nutrition Science, Agricultural Science, Computer Science, Sports Science, Renewable Energy, Geology, Urban Planning.

Online Library Resources

With access to a global catalog created and maintained collectively by more than 9,000 participating institutions, AIU students have secured excellent research tools for their study programs.

The AIU online library contains over 2 billion records and over 300 million bibliographic records that are increasing day by day. The sources spanning thousands of years and virtually all forms of human expression. There are files of all kinds, from antique inscribed stones to e-books, form wax engravings to MP3s, DVDs and websites. In addition to the archives, the library AIU Online offers electronic access to more than 149,000 e-books, dozens of databases and more than 13 million full-text articles with pictures included. Being able to access 60 databases and 2393 periodicals with more than 18 million items, guarantees the information required to perform the assigned research project. Users will find that many files are enriched with artistic creations on the covers, indexes, reviews, summaries and other information.

The records usually have information attached from important libraries. The user can quickly assess the relevance of the information and decide if it is the right source.

Education on the 21st century

AIU is striving to regain the significance of the concept of education, which is rooted into the Latin “educare”, meaning “to pull out”, breaking loose from the paradigm of most 21st century universities with their focus on “digging and placing information” into students’ heads rather than teaching them to think. For AIU, the generation of “clones” that some traditional universities are spreading throughout the real world is one of the most salient reasons for today’s ills. In fact, students trained at those educational institutions never feel a desire to “change the world” or the current status quo; instead, they adjust to the environment, believe everything is fine, and are proud of it all.

IN A WORLD where knowledge and mostly information expire just like milk, we must reinvent university as a whole in which each student, as the key player, is UNIQUE within an intertwined environment. This century’s university must generate new knowledge bits although this may entail its separation from both the administrative bureaucracy and the faculty that evolve there as well. AIU thinks that a university should be increasingly integrated into the “real world”, society, the economy, and the holistic human being. As such, it should concentrate on its ultimate goal, which is the student, and get him/her deeply immersed into a daily praxis of paradigm shifts, along with the Internet and research, all these being presently accessible only to a small minority of the world community. AIU students must accomplish their self-learning mission while conceptualizing it as the core of daily life values through the type of experiences that lead to a human being’s progress when information is converted into education. The entire AIU family must think of the university as a setting that values diversity and talent in a way that trains mankind not only for the present but above all for a future that calls everyday for professionals who empower themselves in academic and professional areas highly in demand in our modern society. We shall not forget that, at AIU, students are responsible for discovering their own talents and potential, which they must auto-develop in such a way that the whole finish product opens up as a flower that blossoms every year more openly.

THE AIU STANCE is against the idea of the campus as a getaway from day-to-day pressure since we believe reality is the best potential-enhancer ever; one truly learns through thinking, brainstorming ideas, which leads to new solutions, and ultimately the rebirth of a human being fully integrated in a sustainable world environment. Self-learning is actualized more from within than a top-down vantage point, that is to say, to influence instead of requesting, ideas more than power. We need to create a society where solidarity, culture, life, not political or economic rationalism and more than techno structures, are prioritized. In short, the characteristics of AIU students and alumni remain independence, creativity, self-confidence, and ability to take risk towards new endeavors. This is about people’s worth based not on what they know but on what they do with what they know.

AIU Service

AIU offers educational opportunities in the USA to adults from around the world so that they can use their own potential to manage their personal, global cultural development. The foundational axis of our philosophy lies upon self-actualized knowledge and information, with no room for obsoleteness, which is embedded into a DISTANCE LEARNING SYSTEM based on ANDRAGOGY and OMNIOLOGY. The ultimate goal of this paradigm is to empower learners and help them take advantage of the enormous array of resources from the world environment in order to eliminate the current continuum of poverty and limitations.

This will become a crude reality with respect for, and practice of, human and community rights through experiences, investigations, practicum work, and/ or examinations. Everything takes place in a setting that fosters diversity; with advisors and consultants with doctorate degrees and specializations in Human Development monitor learning processes, in addition to a worldwide web of colleagues and associations, so that they can reach the satisfaction and the progress of humanity with peace and harmony.

Contact us to get started

Now, it’s possible to earn your degree in the comfort of your own home. For additional information or to see if you qualify for admissions please contact us.

Pioneer Plaza / 900 Fort Street Mall 410 Honolulu, HI 96813
800-993-0066 (Toll Free in US) info@aiu.edu
808-924-9567 (Internationally) www.aiu.edu

Jorge Isaac Rosenblat Post Doctorate of Business Administration Business Administration and Management Argentina	Pérez Nicolás Ezequiel Bachelor of Science Psychology Argentina	Hajayandi Oscar Master of Biology Laboratory Sciences Burundi	Veyeh Eugene Bongaman Doctor of Science Reproductive Health Cameroo n	Fatuma Beatrice Swaleh Doctor of Philosop hy Public Health and Epidemiology Canada	Janine Lee Rye Doctor of Education Literacy China

Rafael E Pérez Almeida Bachelor of Business Administration Business Administration Colombia	Juan Carlos Uhia Arcila Doctor of Philosop hy Philosophy and Theology Colombia	Kevin Alexander Bachelor of Science Civil Engineering Dominica	Josue Bienvenido Perez Garcia Bachelor of Industrial Engineering Process and Quality Dominican Republic	Raul Ferreras Alcantara Master of Science Agronomy Engineering Dominican Republic	Juan Carlos Rodríguez Polanco Master of Science Sports Nutrition Dominican Republic

Omar Ismael Vega Tamay Bachelor of Business Administration Administration Ecuador	Edwin Michael Rodriguez Moreno Bachelor of Education Physical Education Ecuador	Víctor Hugo Arias Mieles Doctor of Philosop hy Higher Education Ecuador	Enas Mohamed Okby Mohamed Master of Education Educational Leadership Egypt	Yudisley Peñalver Herrera Doctor of Science Psychology France	Giovanna Rocio Papert Doctor of Science Nutrition Germany

Alex Cann Doctor of International Relations Security and Strategic Studies Ghana	René Eduardo Cordón Ramírez Master of Management Institutional Management Guatemala	Jairo Sinforoso Galeas Figueroa Doctor of Business Administration Finance Honduras	Jibson Odidi Doctor of Social Science Social Works and Development Ireland	Beverley Charmaine Huggins Master of Science Clinical Psychology Jamaica	Sophia Ivorine Dawkins Master of Science Theology Jamaica

Sarah Atieno Were Bachelor of Science Psychology Kenya	Balaza David Bachelor of Science Electrical Engineering Malawi	Juan Jose Said Manzur Master of Business Administration Business Administration Mexico	Athanase Habuhazi Master of Science Computer Science Mozambique	Felix Zibwowa Master of Science Aviation and Transportation Management Mozambique	Ali Berne Fabian Huaman Bachelor of Science Civil Engineering Peru

Rabo Illa Doctor of Business Administration Business Management Niger	Ibrahim Muhammad Ibrahim Doctor of Science Public Health Nigeria	Williams Ebere Nwaeze Bachelor of Science Electrical Engineering Nigeria	John-George Okwudiafor Doctor of Urba n Planning Urban Planning Nigeria	James Adeyemi Adeniji Doctor of Philosop hy Project Management Nigeria	Ehigiator - Irughe, Raphael Post Doctorate of Science Geomatics Engineering Nigeria

Francisco Luis Gonçalves dos Santos Bachelor of Management Security and Risk Management Portugal	Christina Adorno Agront Doctor of Science Psychology Puerto Rico	José Luis de Jesús Morales Doctor of Education Organizational Leadership Puerto Rico	David Ramos Rodríguez Doctor of Education Education Administration and Management Puerto Rico	Martín Candelaria Villanueva Doctor of Philosop hy International Finance Puerto Rico	Julian O. Acuña Roman Bachelor of Electrical Engineering Telecommunications and Microgrids Puerto Rico

Bârdan V. Marius - Vasile Bachelor of Science Civil Engineering Romania	Mohamed Sheikh Nor Bachelor of Arts Journalism and Communication Somalia	Phahlakazi Lina Kumalo Doctor of Philosop hy Clinical Psychology South Africa	Brima Sesay Master of Science Electrical Engineering South Sudan	Virgee Descartes Bachelor of Science Agriculture St. Lucia	Shirley Anne Louisy Bachelor of Science Agriculture St. Lucia

Erin Frederick Bachelor of Science Public Security and Policy St. Lucia	Casandra Philicia Marshall–Frederick Bachelor of Science Psychology and Counselling St. Lucia	Nazir Mustafa Karamagi Doctor of Business Administration Business Administration Tanzania	Nausheen Muzaffer Habib Associate of Science Psychology Tanzania	Jonadab Nkemdilim Mekwunye Master of Science Mathematics The Gambia	Abigale Gray Doctor of Science Public Health Trinidad and Toba go

Selçuk Eseryel Master of Science Cosmology Türkiye	Nandita Singh Bachelor of Science Nutrition Science United Arab Emirates	Ericson Darío Rosano Vassella Bachelor of Science Psychology Uruguay	Bent Francis Mboyo Ndombo Doctor of Philosop hy Computer Science USA	Dayanna Gabriela Cardenas Castro Doctor of Business Administration Business Management USA	Nathalie Gude López Bachelor of Science Psychology USA

Felix Olamide Bamirin Doctor of Philosop hy Coaching and Leadership USA	Rene Alberto Altamar Manga Doctor of Education Second Language Acquisition Research USA	Felipe H. Gomez Hernandez Master of Business Administration Marketing USA	Caterin Russi Aragón Doctor of Science Psychology USA	Augustin Mwansa Doctor of Philosop hy Criminal Justice Zambia	Chitalu Chilufya Master of Science Public Health and Epidemiology Zambia

Masauso Mtolo Doctor of Economics Economics Zambia	Simbarashe Dzvene Doctor of Science Archival Science Zimbab we

June 2025 Edition!

Other Editions

Article published

Chief Executive Officer

32TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON Learning

Graduated with Distinction

18TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON Inclusive Museum

18TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON Global Studies

Find More Graduates

Student Testimonials

FIND MORE TESTIMONIALS FROM AIU STUDENTS HERE:

The ephemeral of the falsehood

By Dr. Rosa Hilda Lora M. Advisor at AIU | rosa@aiu.edu

REIMAGINING AFRICA’S ACCESS TO JUSTICE INCUBATOR: Post-Colonial Identity and the Pursuit of Sovereignty

Abdulaleem Anjolaoluwa Ademola-Osinuga | Bachelors of Business Administration

Learning

Education now

“You guys don’t know what’s going on right now.”

Danza del venado

Romina is the youngest performer of the Deer Dance.

Find Open Courses and a world of learning granted by AIU at courses.aiu.edu Help others study and change their lives. Visit MyAIU Pledge.

Odd radio signal

Astronomers find one coming from fracture in Milky Way.

Battery storage

New technology is revolutionizing the energy system.

AIU makes a huge contribution to the world by giving new scient ifics the space for original investigations and research. Visit MyAIU Evolution

XEO POD

Immersive capsule

Ombra

Smart solar-powered outdoor living solution

Volonaut Airbike

Jet-powered hoverbike

Get a better knowledge about our rights and the way we can use them on a daily basis to prevent any abuse or limitations of them. Visit MyAIU Human Rights.

Your brain

...can change your gut microbiome in just two hours.

Talk therapy is up

...and use of psych meds without therapy is down.

Find support for your own unique art and design projects, or support other creative projects at MyAIU Research

Competition for minerals

...should respect rights and the environment.

South Africa

Climate change is both sinking, and lifting it.

Live a better life learning how to keep your body, mind and soul balanced. Visit regularly MyAIU Body / MyAIU Mind / MyAIU Spirit and MyAIU Energy.

Indigenous lands

Who has the right to decide what happens there?

Ethics violation

The worst Internet-research one I have ever seen.

Live a better life learning how to keep your body, mind and soul balanced. Visit regularly MyAIU Body / MyAIU Mind / MyAIU Spirit and MyAIU Energy.

Birds

All of them roost in a single tree.

Detroit

Pilot city for the Giant Sequoia Filter Forest.

Live a better life learning how to keep your body, mind and soul balanced. Visit regularly MyAIU Body / MyAIU Mind / MyAIU Spirit and MyAIU Energy.

Campus

Welcome to the microbial revolution

Words by Willow Defebaugh Photographs by Arianna Lago Styling by Grace O’neill Dougherty

Help others study and change their lives. Visit MyAIU Pledge. Learn how to have a better financial control. Visit MyAIU Money.

Vive car handle.

31216 Keith Haring’s dancing figures.

Kaba.

Han Kang. (1970–)

Yoshitomo Nara little wanderer snow globe.

A character based on his 1999 sculptures Little Pilgrims has found a home in this snow globe made from glass with a simple, round rubberwood base. store.moma.org

Say what?

“Unless your name is Google, stop acting like you know everything.” Source: 100 Funny sayings that are definitely worth memorizing. www.rd.com

BACHELOR’S DEGREE in Mechanical Engineering

SCHOOL OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Important:

Orientation Courses:

Core Courses and Topics

Research Project

Publication

Contact us to get started

aiu.edu/apply-online.html

About Us

Accreditation

The AIU Difference

Mission & Vision

MISSION:

VISION: